现状

root@ubuntu ~$ ping -c 4 get.docker.com                                                 
PING get.docker.com (104.244.43.234) 56(84) bytes of data.

--- get.docker.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3051ms

安装脚本

安装Docker并使用_云服务器 ECS(ECS)-阿里云帮助中心

如果您需要在云服务ECS上安装Docker，可使用阿里云提供的Docker镜像源快速部署。本文主要介绍如何基于Alibaba Cloud Linux和CentOS镜像安装Docker、使用Docker制作镜像和部署docker-compose，以便更高效地构建、部署和管理应用程序。

https://help.aliyun.com/zh/ecs/use-cases/deploy-and-use-docker-on-alibaba-cloud-linux-2-instances

# 安装docker
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common lrzsz -y
sudo curl -fsSL https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker-ce -y

sudo sed -i 's|ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock|ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd|g' /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service

# 添加代理
sudo mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d
sudo touch /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d/proxy.conf
sudo echo "[Service]
Environment=\"HTTP_PROXY=http://127.0.0.1:7890/\"
Environment=\"HTTPS_PROXY=http://127.0.0.1:7890/\"
Environment=\"NO_PROXY=localhost,127.0.0.1,.example.com\"
" > /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d/proxy.conf

sudo systemctl daemon-reload && sudo systemctl restart docker